At least two teams of scientists have begun work on painless skin patch vaccines for COVID-19.
In early 2020, scientists at the University of Pittsburgh developed fingertip-sized patches that appear capable of neutralizing the new coronavirus when tested on mice. The vaccine development moved quickly due to previous research on similar coronaviruses.
Unlike experimental mRNA vaccines, this skin patch uses lab-made pieces of viral protein, a traditional technique in vaccine production. The patch is made up of 400 microneedles that deliver the protein into the skin, dissolving afterwards. The vaccine is still in development at this time.
This month, scientists at Swansea University also announced that they have begun research on a microneedle delivery patch, which serves to both vaccinate and measure the efficacy of vaccination through protein biomarkers.