In a compilation of nearly 1,300 voter fraud cases between 1992 to 2020, 21 election results were reversed because of the fraud. The only such contest involving a federal office occurred in 2018, when workers for a Republican candidate for Congress from North Carolina were charged with illegally collecting absentee ballots. The state called a new election in 2019.
In two other instances, misuse of absentee ballots contributed to the reversal of a contest's results, including an Alabama city council race and a West Virginia scheme led by the county sheriff and the county clerk. The database tracking the fraud cases is maintained by the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think-tank.